Substrate & EVM accounts

Creditcoin is both a Substrate based and a fully EVM compatible blockchain. To achieve this it uses a dual-account system to keep the native Substrate interactions untouched while providing the Ethereum-like experience many web3 users are familiar with.

At its core, Web3 leverages blockchain technology and decentralized protocols to create a more transparent, secure, and trustless online environment. It is centered around the use of smart contracts, which are self-executing contracts with the terms of the agreement directly written into code. This enables a diverse range of applications, including decentralized finance (DeFi), where smart contracts autonomously manage financial transactions and services such as lending, borrowing, and trading, without the need for traditional financial institutions.

If you want to know more about Creditcoin new EVM and smart contracts check the EVM Compatibility section.

Each type of account is meant to interact with different parts of Creditcoin. Substrate accounts are required to participate in the Nominated Proof-of-Stake consensus system, bond CTC and earn rewards by either contributing to block production or nominating validators. Meanwhile, only EVM accounts can interact with smart contracts and user defined tokens.

Accounts

Accounts represent entities that interact with the Creditcoin blockchain. They can be owned by a single user or shared by teams and organizations, and anyone can own multiple accounts. Accounts have several components:

Mnemonic seed phrase: these are human readable phrases that must be kept secret and can be used to generate one or several private keys. The process of generating a private key from a seed phrase is called Derivation. For basic users, having one seed phrase per private key is recommended to make backup and safekeeping of the account easier.
Address: the public part of the account; anyone with an address can send funds to it or check its status (balance, staked funds, validator activity and more). Substrate and EVM accounts have different address formats.
Associated accounts: these are keyless accounts that cannot be directly controlled, but play a key role in allowing interactions between Creditcoin and its integrated EVM. Associated accounts can receive and store funds on the main accounts behalf. Depending on the type of the main account (Substrate or EVM), associated accounts behave differently.

Substrate Accounts

On the Substrate side, accounts generate SS58 addresses. This is a simple address format designed for Substrate based chains. All Creditcoin SS58 addresses are prefixed with 5 and are 48 characters long. These accounts can be managed by Substrate wallets such as Subwallet, Polkadot-JS Extension, Subkey and the Creditcoin CLI.

Associated account behavior

All user controlled substrate accounts have an associated EVM account with the only purpose of receiving CTC from other EVM accounts and storing it. The Substrate account will not be able to use the funds stored by the associated account till it executes a Withdraw extrinsic.

The secrets below are publicly known. Do not use them to store mainnet CTC as it it mostly result in getting your funds stolen.

Substrate Account Example

Mnemonic seed phrase

cave illegal cost badge memory weird beauty hire insect soda surface deal

Private key

0xaa7e880dff1594181301631b6fdb8c0078a6e2f5b8e95596bf87c05a524f364c

Address

5G1qRyfXBeroVHGQx37gh6xGbMWXWFPESAFmUhLKxmU6J9nW

Associated EVM account

0xAeC0b1E7DccaC53a866aB55253aCb156b787878F

EVM Accounts

EVM accounts are different, they use H160 addresses, which are commonly used by all Ethereum-like blockchains. These start with 0x and are 42 characters long. EVM accounts can only be managed by EVM compatible wallets such as Subwallet, Metamask and, with limited functionality, Creditcoin CLI.

Associated account behavior

All EVM accounts have an associated Substrate account. These work differently than their Substrate counterparts: all funds sent to the associated account will be available for use inside the EVM instantly; there is no need to withdraw.

EVM Account Example

Mnemonic seed phrase

mesh brother dry nothing flame switch cost emotion tone unveil route moment

Private key

0xc7a32f037d34114c1028aa8661ef7302d3b2acd83fcbc3654da08a50b1271497

Address

0x350532caba9478983e37f2f83744293bb1a3c9d1

Associated Substrate account

5CJx1pHZEuTBMiRw2n5t3N2gAYrt3aKh976K3upN4qtcAQmh

Transferring from Substrate to EVM

Funding an EVM account means funding its associated Substrate account.

Get the Substrate address associated with the EVM main account using creditcoin CLI.
Send CTC from a Substrate account to the Substrate address generated from the EVM account (Substrate → Substrate transfer).
Funds should automatically be reflected on EVM wallets such as Metamask.

As an alternative, you can use Polkadot-JS UI to call a transfer extrinsic directly to the EVM address by selecting Account20

Transferring from EVM to Substrate - Using PolkaadotJS UI

Get the EVM address for the owned Substrate account using creditcoin CLI or Subscan address convertion tool.
Use any EVM wallet to send funds from the EVM account to the EVM address associated to the Substrate account we want to send CTC to (EVM → EVM transfer).
The funds will be available in the associated EVM account, but not usable by the Substrate side. To make them available once again we must unlock them by calling the evm.withdraw extrinsic with the correct associated EVM address and the amount that we want to withdraw. creditcoinCLI and Polkadot-JS UI can be used to perform the withdraw.

3.1 UsingcreditcoinCLI you can type the following command : creditcoin evm withdraw

3.2 Using Polkadot-JS UI

After calling withdraw funds should be available once again on the Substrate

Transferring from EVM to Substrate - Using a Precompile (Smart Contract)

The following commands require Node.js to be installed.

Note: The script is configured to call testnet RPC.

To test with mainnet instead of testnet, replace the rpc url with

wss://mainnet3.creditcoin.network

Create 'package.json' file with default values: npm init -y
Open the folder with any text editor(e.g., VM/Nano) or any IDE and add the following line to package.json "type": "module"
Install dependencies
npm i ethers@5.7.2
Create a new file named 'index.js' and paste the following content

import * as ethers from 'ethers'

async function go() {
  // Initialize variables
  const pk = "private key goes here, including the starting 0x";
  const abi = [
    {
      "anonymous": false,
      "inputs": [
        {
          "indexed": true,
          "internalType": "address",
          "name": "from",
          "type": "address"
        },
        {
          "indexed": true,
          "internalType": "bytes32",
          "name": "destination",
          "type": "bytes32"
        },
        {
          "indexed": false,
          "internalType": "uint256",
          "name": "amount",
          "type": "uint256"
        }
      ],
      "name": "Transfer",
      "type": "event"
    },
    {
      "inputs": [
        {
          "internalType": "bytes32",
          "name": "destination",
          "type": "bytes32"
        },
        {
          "internalType": "uint256",
          "name": "amount",
          "type": "uint256"
        }
      ],
      "name": "transfer_substrate",
      "outputs": [],
      "stateMutability": "nonpayable",
      "type": "function"
    }
  ];
  const provider = new ethers.providers.JsonRpcProvider("https://rpc.cc3-testnet.creditcoin.network");

  // Create a wallet instance
  const wallet = new ethers.Wallet(pk, provider);

  // Set the contract address
  const contractAddress = "0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000fd1";
  const contract = new ethers.Contract(contractAddress, abi, wallet);

  // Define the function to call
  const functionName = "transfer_substrate";

  // Convert the public key of the destination address from hex string to bytes
  const hexToBytes = ethers.utils.arrayify("public key goes here, starting with 0x");

  // Transfer amount in wei
  const transferAmount = ethers.utils.parseEther('10');

  // Create the transaction data
  const txnInput = contract.interface.encodeFunctionData(functionName, [hexToBytes, transferAmount]);

  // Define gas fees
  const gasPrice = ethers.utils.parseUnits('6', 'gwei');
  const maxPriorityFeePerGas = ethers.utils.parseUnits('2', 'gwei');
  const gasLimit = 80000;

  // Create the transaction object
  const txObject = {
    to: contractAddress,
    data: txnInput,
    gasLimit: gasLimit,
    maxPriorityFeePerGas: maxPriorityFeePerGas,
    maxFeePerGas: gasPrice
  };

  // Sign and send the transaction
  const response = await wallet.sendTransaction(txObject);
  console.log("Transaction Response:", response);

  // Wait for the transaction to be mined
  const receipt = await response.wait();
  console.log("Transaction Receipt:", receipt);
}

go().catch(console.error);

4.1 Enter the EVM private key of the wallet from which you want the funds to be sent from at line 5

Obtain the hex format of the Substrate public address destination: 5.1 Go to https://creditcoin3-testnet.subscan.io/tools/format_transform 5.2 Paste your substrate address in the “Input Account” field 5.3 Set Output Type to Public Key 5.4 Enter the Public Key in line 20 in 'index.js' file
Run the Script node index.js

After running the scripts, to check the transaction details

Go to Blockscout
- For Testnet, use: https://creditcoin-testnet.blockscout.com/
- For Mainnet, use: https://creditcoin.blockscout.com/
Copy the TransactionHash from the output and paste it in the Blockscout
Click "View details" on the Transaction details page to check the destination and amount
or
Go to Logs tab
Convert the Hex value to Address in the dropdown to verify the source and destination addresses

To check the updated balance, you need to verify the substrate address on Subscan or polkadot

Transferring from EVM to Substrate - Using Credit Wallet

Please refer to the Credit Wallet Guide Page: https://docs.creditcoin.org/wallet/credit-wallet-guide

Section 4: Token Transactions - Token Transfer Between Creditcoin Native (Substrate) and Creditcoin (EVM)

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Last updated 3 days ago